What does the glycemic index measure?

The glycemic index specifically measures how quickly and how much a particular food raises blood glucose levels after consumption. Foods with a high glycemic index are rapidly digested and absorbed, leading to sharp increases in blood sugar levels. Conversely, low glycemic index foods result in a slower, more gradual rise in blood glucose. This information is particularly important for individuals managing diabetes or those who are looking to control their weight and overall metabolic health.

Unlike measures of protein content, cholesterol effects, or caloric values, the glycemic index focuses solely on the carbohydrate quality and its impact on blood sugar regulation, making it a critical concept in nutritional science and culinary medicine.