Which of the following carotenoids is primarily known for its effect on eye health?

Lutein is primarily known for its beneficial effects on eye health. It is a carotenoid that plays a crucial role in protecting the eyes from oxidative stress and damage caused by harmful high-energy light waves like ultraviolet rays. Lutein is concentrated in the macula of the retina, where it contributes to visual health by filtering out blue light and reducing the risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

While beta-carotene does have some positive effects on vision by serving as a precursor to vitamin A, which is vital for maintaining healthy eyesight, lutein has a more direct and specialized role in protecting the retina and enhancing visual function. Lycopene, on the other hand, is known for its antioxidant properties and potential health benefits in other areas, such as heart health and cancer prevention, but it does not have a significant impact on eye health. The option "All carotenoids" would inaccurately suggest that all carotenoids have the same pronounced effect on eye health, which is not the case; lutein stands out specifically for this purpose.